{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "cdeb4e3c",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 本周知识\n",
    "\n",
    "> 1.函数的返回值\n",
    "> 2.函数的输入参数类型\n",
    "> 3.函数的返回参数类型\n",
    "> 4.模块的概念\n",
    "> 5.如何创建一个模块，并且调用自己定义的模块"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "3fd09a28",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 1.函数的返回值\n",
    "\n",
    "> 1.返回值关键字：return\n",
    ">> 1.函数一定有返回值（无论是什么编程语言）\n",
    ">> 2.在其他的编程语言中（如c语言，java等），返回值一定要写，不写会报错！；对于python（更高级的语言），返回值如果不写，给定默认值None\n",
    ">> 3.返回值一般为函数"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "id": "57b2dcb6",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# 函数返回值实践1\n",
    "def get_formatted_name(first_name,last_name):\n",
    "    \"\"\"返回整洁的姓名\"\"\"\n",
    "    full_name = first_name +''+ last_name\n",
    "#    print(full_name)\n",
    "    return full_name"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "id": "19186f8d",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'LiHua'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 13,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "get_formatted_name(\"Li\",\"Hua\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "id": "295b3aa4",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "LiHua\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(get_formatted_name(\"Li\",\"Hua\"))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "id": "d7c4db4c",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# 函数返回值实践2\n",
    "def log_in(username,password):\n",
    "    \"\"\"验证登录信息\"\"\"\n",
    "    if username == \"Lihua\" and password == 123456:\n",
    "        return 1\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        return 0"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "id": "b54063e9",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 17,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "log_in(\"Lihua\",123456)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "d565b17e",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 2.函数的输入参数类型\n",
    "\n",
    "> 1.函数可以输入复杂的参数：\n",
    ">> 1.函数参数为列表\n",
    ">> 2.函数参数为字典\n",
    ">> 3....\n",
    "\n",
    "> 2.函数可以输入不确定个数的参数：\n",
    ">> 1.*args\n",
    ">> 2.**kwargs\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "id": "2725e231",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def test_A(names):\n",
    "    \"\"\"测试函数参数输入为列表\"\"\"\n",
    "    return names"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "id": "206b29b8",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['Lihua', 'Alex', 'Ziqi']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 19,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "test_A([\"Lihua\",\"Alex\",\"Ziqi\"])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "id": "f5d24c85",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def test_B(person):\n",
    "    \"\"\"测试函数参数输入为字典\"\"\"\n",
    "    return person"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "id": "2a6e4e43",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'stu_id': 210001, 'age': 18, 'Job': 'student'}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 21,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "test_B({\"stu_id\":210001,\"age\":18,\"Job\":\"student\"})"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "7224021d",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "> 2.函数可以输入不确定个数的参数：\n",
    ">> 1.*args\n",
    ">>> 1.args 可以接受多个数据（单值）\n",
    ">>> 2.args将多个数据存在一个**元组**当中，实际还是一个变量\n",
    ">> 2.** kwargs\n",
    ">>> 1. kwargs 可以接受多个数据（键值对）==> 关键字参数\n",
    ">>> 2.kwargs 将多个 键值对 的数据存放在一个**字典**中，实际上还是一个变量"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 33,
   "id": "8963858d",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def food_ingred(food,*ingreds):\n",
    "    \"\"\"食物配料单\"\"\"\n",
    "    return food,ingreds"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 34,
   "id": "3ba4da18",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "('pizza', ('mushroom', 'green peppers', 'extra cheese'))"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 34,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "food_ingred(\"pizza\",\"mushroom\",\"green peppers\",\"extra cheese\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 35,
   "id": "bb59b74d",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def person(stud_name,**stud_course):\n",
    "    \"\"\"学生个人信息完善表\"\"\"\n",
    "    return stud_name,stud_course"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 36,
   "id": "2a33d1bc",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "('Lihua', {'course_星期一': 'API', 'coures_星期二': 'app原型设计'})"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 36,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "person(\"Lihua\",course_星期一=\"API\",coures_星期二=\"app原型设计\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "19d9cf46",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 3.函数的输出（返回值）参数类型\n",
    "> 1.在编程语言中，函数的返回值只能是一个值\n",
    "> 2.返回值可以是 字符串、数值、列表、字典等数据（单一值）\n",
    "> 3.python可以输出多个返回值，结果会用一个元组进行封装并返回。（本质不违背函数的定义）"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "id": "016a44e6",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def test2_return():\n",
    "    \"\"\"测试返回值return为字符串\"\"\"\n",
    "    return \"你好\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "id": "b98e4b2e",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'你好'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 23,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "test2_return()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "id": "8c2c58b3",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def test2_return():\n",
    "    \"\"\"测试返回值return为数值\"\"\"\n",
    "    return 12345"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "id": "1e485171",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "12345"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 25,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "test2_return()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "id": "881c2c71",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def test3_return():\n",
    "    \"\"\"测试返回值return为列表\"\"\"\n",
    "    return ['Lihua','Alex','Ziqi']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "id": "d27127df",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['Lihua', 'Alex', 'Ziqi']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 27,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "test3_return()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "id": "4824dc76",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def test4_return():\n",
    "    \"\"\"测试返回值return为字典\"\"\"\n",
    "    return {'stu_id':210001,'age':18,'Job':'student'}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "id": "2c1fa0dd",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'stu_id': 210001, 'age': 18, 'Job': 'student'}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 29,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "test4_return()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 32,
   "id": "f8b2b886",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def test5_return():\n",
    "    \"\"\"测试返回值return为 多个值的情况\"\"\"\n",
    "    return 18,\"Lihua\",['Lihua','Alex','Ziqi'],{'stud_id':210001,'age':18,'Job':'student'}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 37,
   "id": "1e8ac4cc",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(18,\n",
       " 'Lihua',\n",
       " ['Lihua', 'Alex', 'Ziqi'],\n",
       " {'stud_id': 210001, 'age': 18, 'Job': 'student'})"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 37,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "test5_return()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "c9247124",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "> 4.模块\n",
    ">> 1.使用模块可以隐藏函数的源代码\n",
    ">> 2.使用的人不需要会底层代码（只需要会使用模块即可）\n",
    ">> 3.模块的使用的方法：\n",
    ">>> 1.import 模块名\n",
    ">>> 2.使用： 模块名.函数名()\n",
    ">>> 3.from 模块名 import 函数名\n",
    ">>> 4.使用： 函数名()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "id": "aa69d328",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import time"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "id": "60c07778",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "time.struct_time(tm_year=2021, tm_mon=12, tm_mday=13, tm_hour=11, tm_min=4, tm_sec=7, tm_wday=0, tm_yday=347, tm_isdst=0)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "time.localtime()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "id": "52581e80",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from time import localtime"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "id": "7525ff0e",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "time.struct_time(tm_year=2021, tm_mon=12, tm_mday=13, tm_hour=11, tm_min=6, tm_sec=1, tm_wday=0, tm_yday=347, tm_isdst=0)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 13,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "localtime()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "id": "69a12b17",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import study"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "id": "80b7bf54",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'a', 'e', 'i', 'o'}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 6,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# 函数的调用\n",
    "study.search4vowels(\"hello zhichao\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "id": "911d32c7",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Help on function news_链接 in module study:\n",
      "\n",
      "news_链接(url, 新闻分类, page)\n",
      "    抓取学校新闻的所有页面链接\n",
      "    url:学校网站的域名链接\n",
      "    新闻分类:学校新闻的分类英文简称\n",
      "    page:你想要抓取的页面尾页\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "help(study.news_链接)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "id": "82977416",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index1.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index2.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index3.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index4.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index5.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index6.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index7.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index8.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index9.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index10.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index11.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index12.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index13.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index14.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index15.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index16.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index17.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index18.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index19.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index20.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index21.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index22.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index23.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index24.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index25.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index26.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index27.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index28.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index29.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index30.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index31.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index32.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index33.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index34.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index35.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index36.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index37.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index38.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index39.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index40.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index41.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index42.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index43.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index44.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index45.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index46.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index47.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index48.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index49.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index50.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index51.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index52.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index53.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index54.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index55.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index56.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index57.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index58.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index59.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index60.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index61.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index62.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index63.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index64.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index65.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index66.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index67.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index68.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index69.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index70.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index71.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index72.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index73.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index74.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index75.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index76.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index77.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index78.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index79.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index80.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index81.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index82.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index83.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index84.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index85.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index86.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index87.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index88.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index89.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index90.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index91.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index92.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index93.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index94.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index95.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index96.htm',\n",
       " 'https://www.nfu.edu.cn/xydt/index97.htm']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 8,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "study.news_链接('https://www.nfu.edu.cn/','xydt','98')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "d936cd59",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
 ],
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